Annual rabbit biocontrol program
Annual rabbit biocontrol program
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This page discusses our annual release of the rabbit-specific virus RDHV K5, or calicivirus. For information on other methods of rabbit control, go to our page on rabbits or check out the equipment library.
About the program
About the program
In Western Australia, rabbits are declared pests under the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007, obligating landholders to manage their populations to protect agricultural interests and native ecosystems.
To help landholders with this task, Peel Harvey Biosecurity Group (PHBG) coordinates an annual rabbit biocontrol program to assist landholders in managing rabbit populations. The program centres on the release of the RHDV1 K5 calicivirus, a biological control agent effective in reducing rabbit numbers.
The program typically begins in summer (December or January), with the virus being released in autumn (March or April). Participants receive information packages during the summer outlining the program's procedures and expectations.
You are welcome to register your interest in participating at any time, but please be aware the virus is only released once a year. If rabbits in your area are found to be immune then you will not be eligible.
The cumulative economic benefits for agriculture alone from MV and RHDV over 60 years are estimated at $70 Billion, or an average of $1.17 billion per year.
How does RDHV K5 calicivirus work?
How does RDHV K5 calicivirus work?
Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is a calicivirus that specifically targets European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The RHDV1 K5 strain, introduced in 2017, was selected for its enhanced efficacy in cooler and wetter regions of Australia.
When rabbits are infected, RHDV1 K5 attacks the liver and other internal organs, causing rapid liver failure and death. The virus spreads quickly and is highly contagious, transmitted through direct contact between rabbits, insect vectors, and environmental contamination.
The introduction of RHDV1 K5 has significantly reduced rabbit populations across various regions, helping to protect native ecosystems and agricultural interests. However, its effectiveness can vary depending on environmental conditions and the presence of other diseases.
RHDV1 K5 is typically released at specific times by government agencies and biosecurity groups to maximise its spread and impact. Farmers and landholders often participate in these releases to help manage rabbit infestations on their properties. Over time, some rabbits may develop immunity, which necessitates strategic releases to maintain control.
While the virus remains active amongst rabbit populations it contributes to long-term control. However, it is not a solution by itself. However, to achieve a comprehensive and sustainable approach to rabbit management, it is crucial to combine RHDV1 K5 with other control methods.
How does PHBG's program work?
How does PHBG's program work?
Landholders within the Peel Harvey region can fill out this form to express an interest in having the virus released on their property.
You may be asked to help trap rabbits in the lead-up to the release so we can test for immunity in your specific area. This is optional, but extremely helpful to us as testing allows us to understand where the virus will make the biggest dent in rabbit numbers.
You will be required to attend a workshop that will cover the stages of the release and what you need to do to ensure its effectiveness.
Register your interest in participating
Register your interest in participating
Stages of RDHV K5 calicivirus release
Stages of RDHV K5 calicivirus release
1. Prefeeding
Community members are asked to do three pre feeding events prior to the release.
2. Pre-Monitoring
Rabbit numbers are monitored during pre-feeding events to provide base line data.
3. Inoculation of pellets
PHBG staff are accredited to mix the virus and inoculate a medium for spreading. The virus is only active for a short time after inoculation so planning happens beforehand to organise pick up and drop offs of inoculated pellets to participants.
4. Post-Monitoring
Six weeks after the virus is released on site participants are asked to replicate the monitoring done before the release to record rabbit numbers after the release.
5. Follow up control
Many people hope that releasing the calicivirus will assist them in reducing rabbit numbers. While the virus can be effective at reducing numbers at a site, that reduction will be short lived without follow up control.
Worried about pet rabbits?
Worried about pet rabbits?
A vaccine to protect domestic rabbits against RHDV1 is available. As the virus is highly contagious amongst the species, ensure that pet rabbits are vaccinated well before the release. Your local vet will be happy to help.
Information on RHDV1 K5 calicivirus for pet rabbit owners and vets
Information on RHDV1 K5 calicivirus for pet rabbit owners and vets
Additional information from the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA)
Additional information from the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA)
Use the link below to learn more from the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA) about vaccinations for pet rabbits.
More resources
More resources
The cumulative environmental benefits of the release of MV in 1950 and RHDV in 1995 includes landscape scale native vegetation regeneration, increased abundance of native plants and animals, continued persistence of many native threatened species, large scale carbon biosequestration, and improved landscape and ecosystem resilience. The cumulative economic benefits for agriculture alone from MV and RHDV over 60 years are estimated at $70 Billion, or an average of $1.17 billion per year.
ABC TV's Landline report on the development and roll out of the RHDV1 K5 strain of the calicivirus.
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